Galvanically isolated interfaces are a common requirement within industrial devices for safety reasons. In this type of application, a digital isolator is used to galvanically isolate an MCU from a communication transceiver or an ADC.

Digital isolators work at two power domains, using an isolated DC power supply in one domain. The low DC voltage for isolated power domain could be achieved with a small and simple push-pull converter. The push-pull converter is a transformer-isolated topology using two transistors switching in complementary mode.

This application note will present a low cost and low power DC/DC push-pull converter based on the Silego GreenPAK SLG46108 device. The following sections will show how to:

• Generate a complementary PWM with dead time using the programmable delay block.
• Generate a start-up sequence using a pipe-delay block.
• Obtain multiple clock frequencies via an internal oscillator.

This application note describes how to design a high reliability rotary switch or encoder using a Dialog GreenPAK. This switch design is contactless, and therefore ignores contact oxidation and wear. It is ideal for use outdoors where there is long term moisture, dust, temperature extremes, etc.

Dialog GreenPAK SLG46537: The GreenPAK CMIC provides all the circuit functions for this design. It generates a signal (EVAL) for improved signal to noise, receives inputs from each sector pad of the rotary switch, and interprets each sector pad using the Asynchronous State Machine(ASM) to guarantee only one switch selection.

This design uses a single Dialog GreenPAK SLG46110 to realize a low-side sensing over current detection circuit with a latching output used to enable/disable an external high-side PMOS load switch. By configuring one of the onboard comparators (ACMP1) to perform as a Non-Inverting Amplifier with a gain of 22.5, we can use a very small 0.010 ohm low-side sense resistor to, in this case, detect a 4A maximum current.

The TPS54331 is a non-synchronous buck converter that integrates a low RDS(on) high side MOSFET and is designed to provide up to a 3A output from an input voltage source of 3.5 V to 28 V. This application note explains the procedure of converting a simple buck converter into a CC/CV charger with low component count for charging a SMF Lead Acid Battery. This concept can be extended to multiple parts in the same family.

This application report offers a ready-made solution for GPS tracking with CC13xx devices, and includes a Python script that will plot data points onto Google Maps. This application can be used for various device tracking or range testing and evaluation.

Digital Input receivers are used in AC and servo motor control to interface various 24-V signals to the control module of the drive. These signals include inputs from field sensors and switches, position and speed feedback encoded as 24-V signals, clock or PWM inputs for speed control, and emergency stop signals, such as Safe Torque Off (STO). Isolation is used to manage ground potential differences.

This application note includes an object versus range table to list the detection range capabilities of TI’s mmWave radar sensors. The method used for data collection is reported and the data for the maximum range recording for each objects is provided. Intuitions that can be gained from the table regarding radar cross section and maximum range detection are included.

The Thunderbolt Alternate Mode allows the two sides of a USB Type-C PD connection to discover, negotiate, and enter the Intel Thunderbolt 3 mode allowing transfer of high-speed data. The mode is negotiated using USB Power Delivery messaging, as listed in the USB PD specification. This application report explains the standard implementation of the Thunderbolt Alternate Mode and how it can be used with the Texas Instruments TPS6598x family of USB Type-C and USB PD controllers and associated software tools.

This application note discusses the importance of clocking in Ultrasound and also illustrates how some key TI devices achieve very low end to end jitter and phase noise. The application note also demonstrates how various stages have very low additive jitter.

CLASS-D audio amplifiers provide output power with an efficiency of over 90% as compared to CLASS-AB amplifiers that can provide an output efficiency of <50%. CLASS-D amplifiers are implemented in portable personal audio systems that provide quality sound output enabling longer battery life. A widely used CLASS-D amplifier in automotive systems are for E-call systems that provide critical audio feedback to the driver in case of a driver emergency. In E-call systems discrete current sensing is often implemented for continuous diagnostics to ensure speaker is operational at all times.

In 4K serial digital interface (SDI) video designs, flexibility, scalability, and cost savings are essential to maximize design reuse and develop an extensive 12G-SDI portfolio. A bidirectional input/output (I/O) addresses these critical needs. This application note explains how the features and diagnostic tools of the LMH1297 12G-SDI bidirectional I/O enable various SDI design benefits. This application note also provides several application examples where the LMH1297's versatility simplifies 4K video design.

This application report describes the development of Wi-Fi enabled electronic smart locks (e-locks). Specifically, the benefits of adding Wi-Fi to an e-lock design are examined.

Different Wi-Fi use cases are presented along with an estimate of system battery life for two main use cases. This application report demonstrates that SimpleLink Wi-Fi makes it possible to create a battery powered e-lock design that can be securely monitored and controlled from the cloud.

Texas Instruments has developed automotive grade DLP technology that enables highly-efficient, nextgeneration, full-color, true augmented reality (AR) automotive head-up display (HUD) systems. The uniqueness of DLP technology makes it possible to solve common design challenges of head-up display systems including managing environmental extremes and sunlight thermal loading, delivering high brightness and high resolution, and implementing dynamic dimming capabilities. Additionally, DLP projection-based architecture provides flexibility in the optical design needed to create very large field of view virtual displays over the road that augment and assist the driver. This paper includes a brief overview of DLP solid state illumination operation and how the implementation of DLP technology can solve the common HUD design challenges. DLP technology can be used to create advanced solutions for true automotive AR HUD applications.

As a bridge of the link layer device medium access controller (MAC) and physical medium such as copper cable, the Ethernet physical layer device (PHY) integrates all the physical-layer functions needed to transmit and receive data on standard twisted-pair cables. Proper PHY configuration using management data input/output (MDIO) is fundamental during the prototype stage, and also crucial to meeting the requirements of lowest deterministic latency and fastest link detection in industrial Ethernet applications such as EtherCAT. This application report provides guidance on the Ethernet PHY configuration using the MDIO module within the Programmable-Realtime Unit Industrial Communications Sub-System (PRUICSS) in the Sitara device from TI, for industrial applications, by dissecting the PHY DP83822 configuration in EtherCAT on the AMIC110 Industrial Communications Engine (ICE). The goal of this application report is to expedite the development of industrial Ethernet applications on custom boards with migration and troubleshooting guides for the PHYs.

The LM4935 features an advanced headset detection scheme that can sense the insertion or removal of any type of available headset.

This application report describes the implementation of multiple reader antennas with a single TRF7970A NFC transceiver IC. For demonstration purposes, the MSP430F5529 LaunchPad development kit with TRF7970A BoosterPack plug-in module are used. The PE42359 UltraCMOS RF Switch from Peregrine Semiconductors is used for switching due to its simple control methodology and low power loss during switching. The demo supports ISO/IEC 15693, ISO/IEC 14443A, and ISO/IEC 14443B communication protocols.

This application report describes a simple demo of antenna multiplexing that can help when using the TRF7970A in applications with multiple antennas. This application report is an addition to the advanced demo for multiplexing 16 antennas that is described in TRF7960A RFID Multiplexer Example System (SLOA167). This application report uses an alternative switching device and an easier control strategy. The control algorithm can be easily written and added to the existing firmware.

Digital filtering can be easily accomplished on the MSP430 using efficient multiplication. The tool accompanying this document automatically converts FIR filter coefficients to MSP430 assembly code that can be used in any application. Horner’s method and CSD format is used to accomplish the efficient multiply operations. The performance of the filter on the MSP430 is shown by evaluating the gain across all frequencies. Performance in terms of CPU cycles, code size, and frequency response of low-pass, high-pass, band-pass, band-stop, and notch filters on the MSP430 is shown in Appendix A.

This application report describes in detail the usage of DLMS COSEM library developed by Texas Instruments for customers who use TI’s microcontrollers in metering applications. The library is provided as object coded with a configuration file for ease of use. The library can be obtained by contacting the regional sales and marketing offices. The customer will have to sign an SLA before getting access to the library.

One of the key features of the UCC28950 phase-shifted, full-bridge controller is its ability to synchronize its main oscillator to an external clock source. In this way, multiple controllers can be synchronized to improve performance criteria of the end power supply. This application report expands the details of the synchronization capability of the UCC28950, provides examples of simple circuits used to generate the proper clock inputs to the UCC28950, and gives examples of the input and output signaling that can be expected with three- and four-phase applications.

TI SYS/BIOS is a real-time operating system kernel. It is also a component of TI RTOS. TI RTOS is an integration system; it includes TI SYS/BIOS kernel, XDCtools, middleware, MCU driver library, and other kinds of components.

TI-RTOS is a one-stop solution for developing applications for TI embedded processors and is tightly integrated with TI’s Code Composer Studio™ (CCS) development environment.

TI-RTOS also provides many example project packages with which you may start to develop a project with TI SYS/BIOS.