A recent trend has been seen in appliances (both large-home and small-home appliances) for moving from high-voltage (HV) motors to low-voltage (LV) motors for low power application (<100-W). This transition is due to availability of low power drivers which have the following advantages over high voltage systems.

A common need of any system is controlling multiple devices through digital logic. Systems continue to move to lower voltage nodes for power savings. With this trend, using devices that are not natively compatible with the control logic of the system can lead to extra system costs through board size and BOM count. Also, the use of more components in the design of the system creates more opportunities for power sequencing issues. Using devices that have integrated support for the control logic of the system achieves a cost effective solution.

This application report describes the video processing performed by the DLPC230-Q1 as part of the DLP5531-Q1 chipset to display an image optimized for automotive light control applications such as high resolution headlights and other exterior lighting products. Topics include image sequencing, illumination driving architecture, dithering, gamma correction, and image resizing which all impact the final output image. This information is intended for system designers involved in video content generation and illumination design.

TI applications engineers and software tools typically configure the parameters required to optimally display video in automotive light control end applications. However, an understanding of these background concepts can benefit designers working with the DLP® Products chipset.

Time-sensitive networking (TSN) is an Ethernet extension defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) designed to make Ethernet-based networks more deterministic. Industries like automotive, industrial and performance audio use real-time communication with multiple network devices and will benefit from the TSN standard.

The consumer and enterprise world of Ethernet and wireless Ethernet communication is bandwidth oriented. For example, while browsing the Internet you accept a varying amount of delay before video playback starts. Although there is a preference for quick interaction, for the average user it is acceptable if one out of 100 clicks perform an order of magnitude worse. However, if a video is bad quality or even halted the typical consumer will be frustrated.

Even infrequent delays are unacceptable in control systems such as those inside automobiles, production lines or concert halls. The most important aspects for these systems are latency and jitter or variation in the latency of control data through the network. The maximum time a packet takes to reach the destination in the system defines the communication cycle or control frequency in the network.

The LM63615-Q1 is a synchronous buck converter with a wide input voltage range from 3.5 V to 36 V and maximum output current of 1.5 A.

The LM63615-Q1 can be configured as an inverting buck-boost (IBB) converter with a negative output voltage.

This application note demonstrates how the LM63615-Q1 can be used as an inverting buck-boost converter, along with optional design considerations for inverting buck-boost converters such as a PGOOD or EN level-shifter.

If higher output current is required, the LM63615-Q1 is pin-to-pin compatible with the 2.5-A rated LM63625-Q1 and the 3.25-A rated LM63635-Q1.

The LM63615-Q1 is also pin-to-pin compatible with 1-A rated LM63610-Q1.

The DTMF (Dual Tone Multiple Frequency) application is associated with digital telephony, and provides two selected output frequencies (one high band, one low band) for a duration of 100 ms. A benchmark subroutine has been written for the COP820C/840C microcontrollers, and is outlined in detail in this application note. This DTMF subroutine takes 110 bytes of COP820C/840C code, consisting of 78 bytes of program code and 32 bytes of ROM table. The timings in this DTMF subroutine are based on a 20 MHz COP820C/840C clock, giving an instruction cycle time of 1 ms.

This design example consists of a single string of ten LEDs driven with 1-A forward current. This design example is a supplement to the TPS92510 data sheet and provides step-by-step instructions for optimizing an LED driver design. In particular, detailed attention is given to compensating and measuring the feedback loop, implementing the thermal foldback protection, and designing the printed-circuit board layout. Graphs are provided showing the design example test data.